When writing goals and objectives, refer to explicit rather than vague behaviors. Asking students to "grasp the significance," or "appreciate" something will only lead to confusion. Using more explicit behaviors such as "identify," or "sort," will clarify the performance expected of students.

The table below lists a number of explicit behaviors representative of different levels of cognition or thinking. Also listed are common products or outcomes of those behaviors.

Know
Remember
Comprehend
Understand
Use
Apply
Analyze
Take Apart
Synthesize
Create New
Evaluate
Judge
Behaviors name
memorize
record
list
match
write
state
repeat
describe
discuss
give examples
locate
tell
find
report
predict
review
recognize
estimate
translate
practice
illustrate
sketch
solve
show
employ
sort
classify
distinguish
experiment
compare
contrast
diagram
debate
solve
examine
inventory
design
plan
propose
arrange
assemble
develop
produce
organize
manage
revise
rate
value
appraise
decide
choose
score
select
assess
debate
recommend
Products facts
events
models
filmstrips
books
puzzles
stories
games
journals
illustrations
drawings
maps
sculptures
diorama
scrapbook
mobile
collections
diagrams
graphs
surveys
questionnaires
reports
objects
news
articles
poems
machines
songs
plays
hypotheses
polls
panels
recommendations
discussions
simulations
evaluations
surveys